Urethral Reconstruction Techniques
The techniques for joining severed ends (urethral anastomosis) differ from those used to widen the internal lumen (urethral augmentation). In our practice, we encounter severe cases of urethral strictures, with the most commonly performed procedure being urethral reconstruction using a buccal mucosa graft (BMG urethroplasty).

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Post-Traumatic Urethral Stricture Treatment
For urethral strictures resulting from traffic accidents, we employ a perineal approach, involving scar tissue removal and direct anastomosis of the damaged urethral segments.

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Perineal Urethrostomy
A perineal urethrostomy—creating a urethral opening in the skin below the scrotum—is rarely used as a treatment option for urethral strictures. It is reserved for extremely complex cases where urethral reconstruction is not feasible.

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Urethrography
Urethrography is a diagnostic procedure performed as part of preoperative preparation for urethral reconstruction. This outpatient procedure involves introducing iodine contrast into the urethra and taking X-ray images during both filling (retrograde urethrography) and voiding (voiding cystourethrography). The procedure lasts about 20 minutes and is completely painless.

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Urethroscopy
In addition to urethrography, urethroscopy is essential for intraoperative assessment of the stricture. This procedure is performed under anesthesia.

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Urethroplasty Procedure
Urethroplasty is typically performed under general anesthesia, though regional (spinal) anesthesia may also be used. The surgery usually lasts up to 2 hours. Hospital discharge is on the next day. Outpatient check-ups are every 2–3 days post-op. Catheter remains in place for about 2 weeks, after which it is removed, and natural voiding through the urethra begins.

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Microsurgical Advantages
By applying microsurgical techniques, we achieve exceptional precision in urethral reconstruction and excellent long-term outcomes, minimizing the risk of stricture recurrence.

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Key Terminology:
Anastomosis = Surgical connection of two structures.

Augmentation = Surgical widening/enlargement.

Buccal mucosa graft (BMG) = Tissue taken from the inner cheek for reconstruction.

Perineal approach = Surgical access via the perineum (between scrotum and anus).

Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) = Imaging during urination.